![]() ![]() ![]() Real examples illustrate the approaches treaty-makers can take on topics such as entry into force, languages, reservations, and amendments. These scholarly treatments are complimented by a set of model treaty clauses. Special issues associated with treaties involving the European Union and other international organizations are also addressed. Foundational issues are covered, including what treaties are and when they should be used, alongside detailed analyses of treaty formation, application, interpretation, and exit. Leading experts provide essays designed to introduce the law of treaties and offer practical insights into how treaties actually work. The Oxford Guide to Treaties provides a comprehensive guide to treaties, shedding light on the rules and practices surrounding the making, interpretation, and operation of these instruments. Thus, being adept with treaties and international agreements is an indispensable skill for anyone engaged in international relations, including international lawyers, diplomats, international organization officials, and representatives of non-governmental organizations. Today, they are the dominant source of international law. For centuries, treaties have regulated relations among nation states. Written by a team of renowned international lawyers, he Law of Treaties Beyond the Vienna Convention offers new insight into the basic concepts and methodology of the law of treaties and its problems.įrom trade relations to greenhouse gases, from shipwrecks to cybercrime, treaties structure the rights and obligations of states, international organizations, and individuals. The last section of the book is devoted to cross-cutting issues, with particular reference to the notion of jus cogens - a concept first used in the Vienna Convention in connection with the problem of the validity of treaties and which, afterwards, has acquired a legal significance going well beyond the Convention. It then examines the impact exerted by the Vienna Convention on the development of other fields of international law, such as the law of international responsibility and the law of international organizations. Conversely, a number of provisions of the Convention, in particular those which have been the subject of subsequent codification work by the International Law Commission, have become obsolete. Certain rules of the Convention which, at the time of its adoption, appeared to fall within the realm of progressive development, can now be regarded as customary international rules. The book first explores the influence exerted by the Vienna Convention on pre-existing customary law. In doing so, it examines some of the most controversial aspects of the law of treaties. It revisits the basic concepts underlying the provisions of the Vienna Convention, so as to determine the actual state of the law and its foreseeable development. The Law of Treaties Beyond the Vienna Convention offers a comprehensive analysis of the law of treaties as it emerges from the interplay between the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and customary international law. It sets out to place the evolutionary interpretation of treaties on a firm footing within the general rule of interpretation, as codified in Article 31 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties.The book demonstrates that the evolutionary interpretation of treaties - in common with all other types of interpretation such as good faith, the text of the treaty, context, object and purpose - is in fact based upon an objective understanding of the intention of the parties. Indeed, it has been seen as going against the very grain of the law of treaties, and has been argued to be contrary to the intention of the parties, breaching the principle of consent.This book asks what the place of evolutionary interpretation is within the understanding of treaties, at a time when many important international legal instruments are over 50 years old. ![]() If a treaty from the 1850s regulating "commerce" or forbidding "degrading treatment of persons" is to be interpreted 150 years later, does "commerce" or "degrading treatment of persons" have the same meaning at the time of interpretation as they had when the treaty was agreed? The evolutionary interpretation of treaties has proven one of the most controversial topics in the practice of international law. ![]()
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![]() If you do not want to install Anaconda Distribution into your home folder, select Install on a specific disk…. To start using MediaPipe Framework, install MediaPipe Framework and start building example applications in C++, Android, and iOS. ![]() More of a visual learner? Watch the Installing Anaconda (Mac) video in the course linked below!ĭownload the graphical macOS installer for your version of Python.ĭouble-click the downloaded file and click Continue to start the installation.Īnswer the prompts on the Introduction, Read Me, and License screens.Īnaconda recommends that you choose Install for me only. If you are unsure, choose the graphical install. Install Anaconda Distribution using either the install wizard or the command line instructions below. Visit the Organizations pricing page to compare tier capabilities and pricing. Download P圜harm: Python IDE for Professional Developers by JetBrains P圜harm JetBrains IDEs Pricing Download Download the latest version of P圜harm for Windows, macOS or Linux. Before Kivy can be installed, Python and pip needs to. If you have already subscribed to the Pro or Business tiers, see the quickstart guide for Pro or Business to get started! For other Python versions, on 32 bit OSes, you will need to install from source. This can be accomplished through several of Anaconda’s tiers: Pro, Business (On-prem), Business (Cloud), or Enterprise. ![]() You may need to purchase a license to stay compliant with our Terms of Service. ![]() ![]() ![]()
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() It displays your information (e.g., work history and education) from the most recent to the oldest of your qualifications, highlighting the most relevant achievements on your resume. The best resume format to use in 2024 is a reverse-chronological resume. College resume templates Whether you’re looking for an internship or a part-time job, make your application stand out with college student resume templates you can customize and print to flaunt your achievements. Stand out from the crowd by creating a one-of-a-kind web and engaging PDF version.What is the best resume format to use in 2024? Pick a template and download your CV in less than 5 minutes. Professional CV templates thatll get you the job. Essential to any job application, the aim of a CV is to provide a meaningful summary of your career to date and show prospective employers that you have the necessary skills and competencies to perform well in a job. 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Just select a template and create a job-winning professional CV template in 5 minutes. Let us help you with our easy-to-use online CV maker! We provide you with a unique online or web CV, as well as a browser-based PDF CV builder. Create your very own professional Resume and download it within 15 minutes. MyPerfectResume - Best For Resume Assistance And Extra Tools. ![]() Knowing where to start or how to improve your CV can be a big challenge. ![]() ![]() Use the following command to start the Rclone configuration procedure. You must first establish a fresh configuration before connecting to your remote. We can now start using Rclone now that we've installed it on our Raspberry Pi.įor this example, we'll show you the initial few steps to get you started with the programme.ġ. rm ~/rclone-current-linux-arm.zip rm -r -f ~/rclone-temp ![]() Finally, delete our temporary directory and the zip file we downloaded to complete our installation. sudo chown root: /usr/bin/rcloneīy changing the permissions, anyone with access to the pi user will be unable to switch out the rclone binary.Ħ. We'll use chown to grant the root user ownership of the file we just relocated with the following command. We need to clear up some of our file permissions so that the root user, not our pi user, controls the file. Let's copy this folder from the extracted folder to the "/usr/share/man/man1" folder.ĥ. We do this so that when you enter "man rclone, " you will obtain the program's manual. Now we'll build up the Rclone documentation pages. sudo mv ~/rclone-temp/rclone /usr/bin/rcloneĤ. To relocate the binary to the right place, use the following command. We'll put this programme in the "/usr/bin" directory because the command line looks for packages there automatically. The Rclone binary is the first file we need to relocate. Now that the files have been extracted, we must relocate them to locations where the operating system can find them. This directory will be called "rclone-temp" in our case.ģ. The second parameter (-d DIRECTORY>) instructs unzip to extract all of the files into the given directory. The first parameter (-j) instructs unzip to extract everything to the top level only, without creating any folders. ![]() With this command, we utilise two parameters. unzip -j -d rclone-temp rclone-current-linux-arm.zip To extract Rclone, run the following command using the unzip package we installed. ![]() We can extract the archive after Rclone has done downloading to your Raspberry Pi. To get the newest ARM version, use the wget command on your device. The latest stable edition of Rclone is now ready to be downloaded to our Raspberry Pi. To get around this, we can get the most recent builds straight from the Rclone project.ġ. The disadvantage of utilising an outdated version is that cloud services frequently change, which means that what used to function may no longer work. While we may install Rclone from the package repository, we will be using an old version. We won't be able to install the latest version of Rclone on our Raspberry Pi without this. Next, we must make certain that the unzip package is installed. The following two commands can be used to upgrade Debian-based operating systems like Raspberry Pi OS. Let's start by making sure we're working with the most recent operating system. This entails upgrading our operating system as well as installing certain essential software.ġ. We must first prepare our Raspberry Pi so that we can easily set up and install Rclone. This guide was tested on a Raspberry Pi 400 running the most recent version of Raspberry Pi OS Buster. Rclone may be installed on your Raspberry Pi with just a few simple hardware that you probably already have on hand. Rclone leads you through the process of connecting to each of its backends. Most importantly, the programme is quite simple to operate. Rclone can also communicate with self-hosted cloud services such as OwnCloud and Nextcloud. Amazon Web Services, Microsoft OneDrive, and Google Drive are among the most popular cloud storage options. Rclone is a great way to connect to your cloud storage provider because it supports over 50 different backends. It's even feasible to mount cloud services on your Raspberry Pi as if they were physical drives. You may use this programme to do a variety of activities, including file synchronisation between your Raspberry Pi and your cloud provider. ![]() Rclone is an open-source program that allows you to manage files on cloud storage systems like Google Drive and Amazon S3. ![]() ![]() Tips for Making the Best Hybrid Buttercream Frosting Otherwise, the egg whites and powdered sugar won’t be able to whip up properly to give the frosting the right consistency. I do not recommend doubling this recipe unless you have a commercial sized stand mixer. This recipe makes about 4 cups of frosting, which is enough to frost a 6-inch or 7-inch layer cake or 3 dozen cupcakes. I have separate post that share all my tips and tricks for making black buttercream and red buttercream frosting. While some colors are easy to make, others can be more challenging. I used different Americolor shades to color the frosting for my mom’s birthday cake this year (picture below) and I loved how vibrant it looked! It works so well and makes coloring buttercream a breeze! My favorite gel food coloring is Americolor. I avoid liquid food coloring because it can throw off the consistency of the buttercream if you add too much. It allows you to get vibrant colors without adding a ton of liquid into the frosting. I recommend using gel food coloring if you want to color this buttercream Coloring This Hybrid Buttercream Frosting To make chocolate buttercream, add 1/2 cup of unsweetened baking cocoa into the frosting after adding in the vanilla and salt.įor strawberry buttercream, add 1/2 cup of freeze-dried strawberry powder into the frosting after adding in the vanilla and salt. This frosting can easily be turned into different flavors! I’ve used this base recipe to make everything from chocolate buttercream to matcha buttercream. Then it’s all ready to go! Flavor Variations The final step is to stir for a few additional minutes by hand with a rubber spatula to get it silky smooth. Step 3: Add in the FlavoringĪdd in 1 Tbsp of vanilla extract and 1/2 tsp of salt and mix on a low speed until combined. If the frosting breaks during this stage, don’t worry! Just keep mixing and it should come back together in 5-10 minutes. Once the butter is incorporated, mix on a medium speed for an additional 5 minutes until the frosting looks fluffy and smooth. Wait until each stick of butter has been fully mixed in before adding the next stick. Mix in 3 sticks of room temperature butter on a low speed, one at a time. This will help make your buttercream super smooth once it’s fully made. Swap the whisk attachment for a paddle attachment. ![]() Once all the powdered sugar has been incorporated, mix on high with a whisk attachment for 5-10 minutes, until the meringue has stiff peaks. Place the room temperature pasteurized egg whites and powdered sugar in the bowl of a stand mixer (or a large bowl if you plan to make it with a hand mixer). ![]() Step 1: Whip the Meringue into Stiff Peaks I’ve also included a video tutorial of the process below. To make sure this recipe turns out as amazing as possible, let’s walk through each step together! How to Make This Not Too Sweet Buttercream Frosting This recipe is adapted from my friend (and wedding cake genius) Minette Rushing’s faux Swiss meringue frosting recipe. It’s a total crowd pleaser and is perfectly sweet (hence its name!). It’s a dream to frost on cakes and cupcakes and I even use it to make wedding cakes. This “not too sweet buttercream frosting” recipe is the perfect hybrid between American buttercream and Swiss meringue buttercream! It has an amazingly fluffy texture and tastes so delicious. ![]() ![]() Within each Persona, you can still move and adjust most sections of the interface, but not with the same flexibility that GIMP offers. The Persona tabs are located in the upper left corner of the Affinity Photo interfaceĪffinity Photo splits its interface into several different modules called Personas, which limits some of the customization options of the interface. It doesn’t allow editing multiple layers at once, and it doesn’t support any kind of non-destructive adjustments beyond basic layer masking. While both GIMP and Affinity Photo offer multi-layer editing for advanced compositing, GIMP’s layer support leaves a lot to be desired. Both GIMP and Affinity Photo have an excellent core of editing tools that are responsive and simple to use. I personally prefer the way that Affinity Photo handles them in terms of settings and general layout, but GIMP’s tools are just as capable and customizable – though a bit less user-friendly. ![]() Cloning and healing, Curves adjustments, and sharpening are a few examples of the kind of essential, everyday tools that fit in this category.Īs a result of this even balance, there isn’t actually all that much to say about the basic editing tools. Basic Editing Toolsįortunately, this comparison is easy because both programs handle basic editing very well. A Closer Look at Affinity Photo and GIMPįor this comparison, I’m going to take a look at the following seven areas of each program and decide which of the two is most effective: That’s the short version of the comparison, but you can read on for a more in-depth look at how GIMP and Affinity Photo stack up in terms of editing capabilities, workflow, and user experience. It also works well with Serif’s other graphics programs, which are apparently known as the ‘Affinity trinity’: Affinity Designer for creating and editing vector graphics, and Affinity Publisher for page layout and document creation. It features all the fancy tools you’ll want for professional image editings like dynamic adjustment layers, built-in RAW photo support, PSD format support, and full-color management support, along with some fun features like panorama stitching, focus stacking, and HDR image merging.Īffinity Photo isn’t free, but the low purchase price of $84.99 one-time purchase (or $23.99 on iPad) provides excellent value compared to a monthly subscription. ![]() A Closer Look at Affinity Photo and GIMPĪffinity Photo simply has a better design from the ground up. ![]() ![]() Soon afterwards, the US government was also pressed to perform such research by their British allies who, along with the French, feared a German attack with biological weapons ( Moon, 1999, Regis, 1999), even though the Nazis apparently never seriously considered using biological weapons ( Geissler, 1999). Sir Frederick Banting, the Nobel-Prize-winning discoverer of insulin, created what could be called the first private biological weapon research centre in 1940, with the help of corporate sponsors ( Avery, 1999 Regis, 1999). In North America, it was not the government but a dedicated individual who initiated a bioweapons research programme. ![]() B, bacterium P, parasite T, toxin V, virus. After the war, with no lasting peace established, as well as false and alarming intelligence reports, various European countries instigated their own biological warfare programmes, long before the onset of the Second World War ( Geissler & Moon, 1999).ġDoes not include time and place of production, but only indicates where agents were applied and probably resulted in casualties, in war, in research or as a terror agent. The German army was the first to use weapons of mass destruction, both biological and chemical, during the First World War, although their attacks with biological weapons were on a rather small scale and were not particularly successful: covert operations using both anthrax and glanders ( Table 2) attempted to infect animals directly or to contaminate animal feed in several of their enemy countries ( Wheelis, 1999). However, although these, as well as later treaties, were all made in good faith, they contained no means of control, and so failed to prevent interested parties from developing and using biological weapons. These dangers were soon recognized, and resulted in two international declarations-in 1874 in Brussels and in 1899 in The Hague-that prohibited the use of poisoned weapons. However, the foundation of microbiology by Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch offered new prospects for those interested in biological weapons because it allowed agents to be chosen and designed on a rational basis. Man has used poisons for assassination purposes ever since the dawn of civilization, not only against individual enemies but also occasionally against armies ( Table 1). if the guy you're dueling gets killed, you can be tried for murder.During the, the Japanese army poisoned more than 1,000 water wells in Chinese villages to study cholera and typhus outbreaks It is worth pointing out that in the post-Rennasance period, dueling arms shifted from arming and broad swords (combining thrust with slash) to rapiers (primarily thrusting with a secondary slash), then to smallswords (exclusively thrusting) preciesly because of that little detail. Broken arms, legs, skulls, ruptured organs, that sorta thing. And if you hit an unpadded or underpadded section, you can inflict quite severe injuries without breaking a single link. From there, the level of protection is dependant upon the quality of the gambezon beneath the mail. All mail does is change slashing damage into bludgeoning damage. Slashing wounds have a much greater chance of delivering an incapacitating injury, especially against mail. They tend to 'icepick' and not slow down a target unless you manage to hit a really, really vital target. Stab wounds with a narrow profile are notoriously poor at incapacitating a target. What is not guaranteed is that he is going to die in time to save your life, which is what is most important in a fight. ![]() The Bastard Sword thing, well, you can probably hit hard enough to rattle someone in plate severely, the sword has a reinforced point to get in the gaps well, AND it is long enough to half sword it, which means more power on a thrust, more options, and all kinds of fun.Īnother thing to bear in mind: shock value.Ī stab with an estoc deep into the abdomen, is a fatal wound barring antiseptics or magical healing. ![]() Basically, you probably have more viable targets unless the guy is fully kitted out in plate and more viable means of attack. Or depending, you may be able to take out a leg or a knee with a slash. With a long sword/arming sword sort of weapon, you have the point that can do some of the same thing (if not as well), and a good slash against mail may still break a wrist or a collar bone. That being said, you are probably more likely to get a one shot kill off, so to speak (if you are skilled enough to do it), and you are probably more likely to do damage against someone fully kitted out in plate. Which basically means you have to be very accurate and patient under close combat conditions, which is not especially easy. You have to thrust, and you are going to have to find the places in the armor where there is leather or mail and then commit to a thrust. ![]() Well.to avoid the "gaming weapon names vrs real weapon names" thing.Īn estoc is sort of the grand daddy of the rapier. ![]() ![]() ![]() bWidgets in dockb - Place any widget in your dock, such as a 4x1 music player widget bScrollable Dockb - Create multiple docks and scroll between them bBackupRestoreb - Sophisticated backuprestore system allowing you to backup your desktop layout and launcher settings bInfinite scrollb - Never far from your favorite page, loop through the desktop or drawer continuously bImproved Widget Drawerb - Widgets grouped by app makes it much faster to use bCustomize App Drawerb - Custom tabs, Vertical or Horizontal scrolling, Custom effects bColor controlsb - for labels, folders, unread badges, drawer tabs and backgrounds bSubgrid positioningb - Much greater control than standard launchers, Nova Launcher allows you to snap icons or widgets half way through the desktop grid cells bIcon Themesb - Find thousands of icon themes for Nova Launcher on the Play Store Our favorite is Nova Launcher, which strikes a great perfect balance between incredible performance and high customizability without getting too gimmicky and difficult to use -LifehackerĬhock full of features you won't find in the stock launcher, and comes highly recommended -Android Central Nova Launcher has some very capable hands behind it -Phandroid Change icons, layouts, animations and more.įor my money, Nova Launcher is the best of the AOSP-style launchers available in Android. Nova Launcher replaces your home screen with one you control and can customize. The highly customizable, performance driven, home screenĪccept no substitutes! Nova Launcher is the top launcher for modern Android, embracing full Material Design throughout. Nova Launcher lets you customize your phone or tablet where you need it most, at its "business end." Few free tools of its type do as much. When changing the Dock's shape or transparency, be sure to swipe the "On" button as well as checking "Enable Dock." We could change the Dock's width, height, scrolling action, and more. Nova Launcher has so many options that it takes time to go through them all. An important feature is highlighted in red: Previous Launcher clears other launchers from your system's memory and history. We added a flashlight widget to our main screen from the alphabetized Widget pages and then opened the Nova Settings from a menu that also accessed our device's System Settings, Wallpaper, and Application Manager. Nova Launcher's main tools are its Dock, a customizable toolbar, and the Drawer, a tabbed, flippable series of pages accessing Apps and Widgets. We didn't notice much difference between our usual home page and Nova Launcher until we swiped the screen, flipping through pages with a smooth 3D rotating effect. A premium upgrade adds app grouping as well as gestures and scroll effects. At 2.04MB, it's compact, especially considering its versatility. Nova Launcher is free and runs best in Android 4 or better. You can customize just about everything about Nova Launcher, from background colors to horizontal or vertical scrolling, 3D effects, and more. ![]() Its Dock launches your most-used apps, while stuff you don't need as often goes in the Drawer (just like your real desktop). Teslacoil's Nova Launcher replaces your Android device's home page with a highly customizable front end. ![]() ![]() You may choose from several available residential options – from a studio up to a 3-bedroom condo. Pei & Partners was commissioned for the design after getting recommended. To express the success of the company, he wanted to construct a large headquarters after their rival, the Prudential Insurance Company, built the Prudential Tower in the 60’s. The one-hundred-story building, completed in 1969, has a remarkable design, with huge X-braces serving both a structural and a visual purpose. If that does not impress you, maybe the ice skating rink during the winter will do the trick. The CEO of the John Hancock Mutual Insurance Company, Robert Slater, was an aggressive man, who had great expectations for his company. The Hancock Tower, now the tallest building in Boston, was originally conceived as the John Hancock Company’s response to the 52-story offices of Prudential, its New Jersey-based insurance rival. There’s even a car wash in addition to the usual parking lot for residents and their guests. If you have the need to bring business guests to your home, you can hold meetings in the conference center, and for shipping out packages, the John Hancock Center has a FedEx and a UPS drop box. If you want to do some grocery shopping, stop by the on-site grocery store. Take a dip in the swimming pool after a workout in the fitness center. The Gold Coast and Michigan Avenue play host to some of the best museums in the city – from classics like the Art Institute (right beside Millennium Park – home to free concerts in the summer) to innovative spectacles at the Museum of Contemporary Art.īefore you get too excited about the ideal location, let us tell you about the fabulous amenities of the John Hancock Center. John Hancock Tower Center-on the lower floor-there is a gift read more. You’re within reach of all major transportation options, making your daily commute a breeze. 21 reviews of John Hancock Tower Yeah, so Im a little obsessed with the Hancock Tower, or as I like to call it, The Cock. John Hancock Center - Looking South, theres AON, Trump and Sears Tower. What’s more, some of the trendiest clubs in the city are located on the Gold Coast and neighboring Streeterville neighborhood. Delaware in the Gold Coast, your new home will be in the center of Chicago’s shopping district. Cobb started from scratch, on September 15th, 1967. Many innovations make it a brilliant Chicago landmark and one of the pinnacles of architectural engineering. The building remains an archetype for the collaborative ideal that continues to make SOM. ![]() ![]() When the John Hancock Center was built in 1968, it was tallest in the world outside of New York City. 875 North Michigan Avenue, formerly known as John Hancock Center, the world’s first mixed-use tower, is an architectural icon representing the close collaboration between architect Bruce Graham and structural engineer Fazlur Khan. ![]() |
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